支付宝蚂蚁森林：未来5年植树5亿棵 | 社媒大事记（03.5-03.11）

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作者 | 初见

编辑 | 珲哥

本周头条

支付宝蚂蚁森林：未来5年植树5亿棵

时间：3.11

来源：凤凰、Techweb等

不知道还有多少小伙伴依然在支付宝蚂蚁森林里攒/偷能量种树呢？对于这项公益事业，支付宝可是认真的。

蚂蚁金服CEO井贤栋表示，蚂蚁森林将履行对用户的承诺，继续加大投入，预计到2018年底在生态保护方面的总投入将超过5亿元。

蚂蚁森林用户目前超过3亿，如果大家持续努力，未来5年蚂蚁森林将造林600万亩、植树5亿棵，总面积大约相当于5个纽约市！

根据国家林业局公布的计划，我国的大规模国土绿化行动力争2018年完成造林1亿亩，而网友们参与的蚂蚁森林每年完成百万亩造林，竟相当于国土绿化行动面积的百分之一。

而3亿蚁森林用户已经占全球人口的4％，这种绿色行动的影响力正在以中国为中心向世界扩散。联合国开发计划署(UNDP)都指出，蚂蚁森林以数字金融为主的技术创新，在全球碳市场有独一无二的实践意义，为世界输出了中国样本。

国内事记

一、马化腾：中国传统文化IP不输好莱坞

时间：3.10

来源：搜狐、新浪等

今年全国两会，马化腾共带来了8份书面建议。其中《关于推动"科技+文化"融合发展 打造数字文化中国的建议》（以下简称《建议》）指出，随着技术发展以及动漫、文学、影视、音乐等崛起共生，应推进"科技+文化"融合创新，打造中国特色文化IP，促进文化产业内部、产业与社会各领域之间生态化协同化发展，建设产业发达、文化繁荣、价值广泛的"数字文化中国"。

马化腾表示，经过几千年文化传承，中国其实诞生了许多很好的IP。过往大家经常看许多好莱坞大片、国外的动漫作品等等。但现在发现，如果国内也具备了很好的讲故事、美术制作、以及技术制作等等能力，就可以把一个IP用多种形态（动漫、文学、影视等）呈现，可以把中国传统的文化IP进行多种领域再演绎。"锻炼好这个能力后，我们也完全可以打造大片，并不会输给好莱坞。"

马化腾认为，从文化投入角度，应重点挖掘和培养成功概率最高的IP，这样IP的价值才会越来越被社会认可。去年两会，马化腾提了"文化出海"，希望中国文化企业更多输出，掌握全球文化主导权。今年马化腾在文化领域的建议，主要针对国内文化发展。如十九大报告所述，"人民日益增长的美好生活的需要和不平衡不充分的发展是当前的主要矛盾"。马化腾认为，美好生活不仅与物质有关，更多还是与精神层面息息相关。他建议，应做文化精品，推动经济发展，促进国家文化软实力。

马化腾还认为，文化要跟科技结合。许多新技术如AR、VR、AI都可以促进文化发展。数字文化，是未来的方向。"腾讯的定位是'科技+文化'。 从全球来看，很少有我们这样的公司定位，要么是纯科技公司，不做内容，不做文化产品；要么纯内容公司，可能与互联网科技不沾边。对于腾讯来讲，我们刚好两方面都比较强，这是我们新的定位。"

此次《建议》也提出，希望通过蕴含中华传统文化的IP赋能城市，打造城市文化名片，全面提升城市的文化影响力；通过游戏、动漫等形态创新转化特色文化资源，树立文化品牌，使文化参与到激发城市活力、促进城市发展的过程中，推进文化赋能城镇。

二、优酷起诉今日头条侵权《战狼2》，索赔100万元

时间：3.9

来源：TechWeb、搜狐、新浪等

因认为今日头条 未经许可擅自向用户提供链接播放《战狼 2》，优酷以侵害作品信息网络传播权为由，将今日头条和运城阳光传媒公司诉至法院，要求两家被告公司立即停止提供《战狼 2》的网络服务，并赔偿经济损失及合理支出共计 100 万元。日前，海淀法院受理了此案。

原告优酷诉称，《战狼 2》是由吴京执导的动作、战争、军事类型的电影，中国票房收入首位，且是首部跻身全球票房 top100 的中国电影。优酷在支付巨额版权费用后取得了《战狼 2》独家信息网络传播权等权利。根据授权期限，该影片自 2017 年 11 月 3 日通过优酷网独家首发。经公证证实今日头条网站向用户提供了《战狼 2》的定向链接服务，所链接的“阳光宽频网”系由运城阳光传媒公司所运营。经查，“阳光宽频网”未取得《战狼 2》作品的合法使用权，今日头条对此未进行合法有效的审查。

优酷认为，基于以上事实，其主观上具有过错，客观上给优酷造成了损害后果，今日头条和运城阳光传媒公司的行为构成侵权，应当承担侵权、赔偿损失等相应的民事责任。

今日头条关于版权、专利的纠纷不断。前几日，今日头条旗下的短视频信息产品西瓜视频也曾在一天之内接到的第三个投诉西瓜视频专利侵权。西瓜视频法律关系上属运城市阳光文化传媒有限公司开发、运营和维护。投诉方称，西瓜视频在确认弹幕位置上所采用的的技术方案，已经落入了投诉方专利的保护范围，要求立即停止侵权行为。

三、百度成立量子计算研究所：段润尧任所长，5年内跻身世界一流

时间：3.8

来源：澎湃、凤凰网、百度等

3月8日，百度宣布成立量子计算研究所，开展量子计算软件和信息技术应用业务研究，计划在五年内跻身世界一流，并逐步将量子计算融入到业务中。

据悉，悉尼科技大学量子软件和信息中心创办主任段润尧教授出任百度量子计算研究所所长，直接向百度总裁张亚勤汇报。

量子计算是基于量子力学的全新计算模型，与传统计算理论不同，它的运行基于量子比特，利用量子叠加和量子纠缠等独特的量子效应进行信息处理。其核心优势是可以进行高速并行计算。同时，量子计算机可以完美地解决传统计算机模拟量子系统时遇到的海量存储和指数时间问题，对于发展人工智能有着重要的作用。

量子计算机在金融、医药、化学、材料、人工智能等领域具有广阔的应用空间，有望应用于人工智能（如自动驾驶软件）、药物发现、天气预报、金融建模、以及高效全局的最优搜索（如解决交通拥堵问题、快速信息检索）等。

资料显示，段润尧本科和博士均就读于清华大学计算机系，悉尼科技大学终身教授，澳大利亚研究理事会（ARC）Future Fellow，自2016年9月15日起担任量子软件和信息中心创办主任。主要从事量子计算和量子信息论，特别是有关量子纠缠特性与应用以及量子通信信道容量等方面的研究。在量子状态/操作分辨、利用有噪量子信道进行精确通信、量子纠缠转换理论等课题上做出一系列重要贡献。

2016年，他与来自巴塞罗那自治大学(UAB)的Andreas Winter教授合作首次用量子信息论方法给出著名的Lovász number的完整信息论解释，从而解决了信息论和图论中自1979年以来一直悬而未决的公开问题。

截至目前，他已经在国际顶级学术期刊会议上发表论文80余篇。曾主持或作为主要参与人完成量子计算方面多项国家自然科学基金项目，一个863项目，以及两项ARC项目。曾于2013-2016年担任QIP会议（量子计算和量子信息科学理论方面最顶级的学术会议）管委会委员和2015年主席，并作为组委会主席成功在悉尼举办QIP2015。

量子计算领域的研发越来越受到大的科技公司的重视。

在近日举办的美国物理学会上，谷歌量子AI实验室刚刚揭晓了全球首个72位量子比特通用计算机以及最新一代量子处理器Bristlecone。据称，Bristlecone错误率只有1%。这款处理器不仅能够帮助科学家们进行量子模拟的探索，还能够在量子机器学习上有所应用。谷歌量子AI实验室做出谨慎且乐观的预测，如果一切运行良好，量子霸权将在未来几个月到来。

四、音乐版权再无战事？网易云音乐和阿里音乐宣布达成版权互授

时间：3.6

来源：澎湃新闻、雷锋网等

音乐版权大战已彻底进入休战期。

3月6日，网易云音乐与阿里音乐共同对外宣布，双方达成音乐版权互相转授权的合作。网易云音乐将天娱、爱贝克思（avex）、丰华、华研国际等音乐版权转授给阿里音乐；同时，阿里音乐将滚石、S.M. 、BMG等音乐版权转授给网易云音乐。

值得玩味的是，2月28日，华研国际刚刚发布公告，与阿里巴巴签订的音乐独家授权合约到期中止。紧接着第二天，华研公告称，与网易云音乐达成战略合作，网易云音乐获得华研旗下目前全量音乐曲库的授权。

双方表示，随着此次版权合作的达成，用户在阿里音乐旗下虾米音乐除了可以继续使用田馥甄、林宥嘉、S.H.E等华研国际的艺人歌曲版权外，还可以畅听张惠妹、张雨生、华晨宇、陈翔、滨崎步、幸田来未等艺人的音乐。李宗盛、周华健、刘若英、梁静茹、任贤齐、Super Junior、少女时代、EXO、陈小春、彭佳慧等多位主流华语和韩流歌手歌曲已在网易云音乐全新上线。

双方表示，此次携手合作，目的是希望共同探索音乐平台如何建立起更加良好有效的网络音乐版权授权、合作和运营模式，为广大用户更好地提供音乐作品和服务。

业内人士认为，此前手握版权最少的网易云音乐，通过这次砸钱买下华研国际版权，换得了阿里音乐的一些核心音乐版权，弥补了自身版权不足的短板。而对阿里音乐而言，版权已然不再成为唯一的竞争壁垒，将更多资源集中到版权和曲库的运营，而不仅仅集中在采买独家版权上，也有利于它的多元化发展。

此外，有知情人士向澎湃新闻透露，在几家在线音乐平台洽购华研国际版权过程中，网易云音乐出价颇高，最后成功买下版权。难得拥有杀手锏级别的音乐版权的网易云音乐，好不容易拿到谈判筹码，有能力可以与其他在线音乐平台互换独家版权资源。不过，目前尚不知网易云音乐是否将与腾讯音乐就华研国际音乐版权达成转授权合作。从商业上来讲，要与拥有版权更多的腾讯音乐谈判并不简单。网易云音乐未予证实此次交易价格。

当然，这次合作也符合国家版权局方面的有关精神。

此前，国家版权局约谈境内外音乐公司及国内几大网络音乐服务商，要求对网络音乐作品应全面授权、避免独家授权。先后约谈主要网络音乐服务商和主要音乐公司，要求其促进网络音乐全面授权、广泛传播，探索建立符合市场规律和国际惯例的网络音乐版权授权和运营模式。

2017年9月，阿里音乐和腾讯音乐达成版权互授，2018年2月，春节前夕，腾讯音乐和网易云音乐宣布版权互授。

五、滴滴一下,外卖来了

时间：3.6

来源：财经

中国互联网的小巨头们互相把手伸进对方的碗里，这种趋势不再停留在纸面或口头上，而是即将展开实战。

在内部潜水了五个月的滴滴外卖揭开面纱。《财经》独家消息，滴滴将进入全国九大城市，包括无锡、南京、长沙、福州、济南、宁波、温州、成都和厦门。这是滴滴外卖的首批上线城市，商户招募已同步启动，但《财经》尚未获悉其具体上线时间。据了解，滴滴外卖将通过降低抽佣和奖励来获得首批商家和用户。

五天前，滴滴发布“骑手招募令”：滴滴外卖骑手为“忠诚骑手”和“自由骑手”，“忠诚骑手”需要每周在线大于48小时，月保底10000元；“自由骑手”可自由上线接单，订单收入翻倍。据悉，此时招募状态仅支持无锡。

六、阿里发女性扶贫战略 彭蕾:女性脱贫才能保证家庭脱贫

时间：3.8

来源：搜狐、新浪等

阿里巴巴今日发布女性扶贫战略，阿里巴巴旗下淘宝大学正式成立魔豆妈妈电商学院，通过特色课程、专属师资建设、线上学习系统，体系化帮扶，定制逆境女性的专属学习方案。

蚂蚁金服集团董事长、阿里巴巴脱贫基金副主席彭蕾称，“只有女性脱贫，才能从根本上保证农村家庭的脱贫”。

彭蕾介绍，阿里巴巴将以提升女性创就业能力为切入点，梳理过去在农村淘宝、魔豆妈妈等项目中累积的丰富经验，针对三区三州等深度贫困地区的女性群体，建立起更完善的脱贫工作模式，从意识唤醒到技能培训，从金融支持到销售帮扶，通过贫困地区女性人才的赋能来实现真正脱贫。

据了解，在阿里巴巴女性扶贫战略中，淘宝大学将联合贵州省9个地市88个县的妇联设立困难妈妈电商创业帮扶中心，帮扶5000名困难妈妈通过系统帮扶实现电商创就业。

据介绍，在2015年和2017年，阿里巴巴举办过两届“全球女性创业者大会”。阿里巴巴创始人马云也在大会上表示，无论在过去还是未来，女性都是阿里巴巴成功的首位要素。而在当今的社会环境中，女性面临的社会压力、背负的挑战也越来越多，女性脱贫，成为阿里巴巴近年来关注的焦点。

国外事记

一、Musical.ly Is Struggling To Deal With Self-Harm Content

时间：3.11

来源：TechCrunch

Musical.ly, the lip-synching app that is wildly popular with younger users, is struggling to catch up to other teen-friendly social apps like Instagram or Tumblr in how it moderates and filters certain types of dangerous content. After people criticized the app this week for allowing users to search for hashtags related to self-harm or eating disorders, like #cutting or #proana, Musical.ly blocked some of these search terms.

The app first launched as a lip-synching platform where young people do their best covers of popular tunes. Musical.ly has several homegrown stars, and social media influencers from YouTube and Instagram also use the platform. More recently, it’s expanded beyond just lip-synching to include comedy videos, pranks, and other short-form video genres reminiscent of Vine.

This week, a scathing Medium post titled “Porn is not the worst thing on Musical.ly” went viral. A writer named Anastasia Basil screened the app to see if it would be suitable for her 10-year-old daughter, but she was shocked by what she saw. Other parents were also concerned.

二、SOCIAL MEDIA IS RESHAPING SEX WORK—BUT ALSO THREATENING IT

时间：3.10

来源：Wired

ONE MORNING LAST May, Melody Kush discovered that someone was using her Twitter photos to catfish people into paying for a Snapchat premium account that didn’t even exist. Kush is a sex worker—an erotic model, to be precise—and for someone who does much of her work via social media, that kind of scam isn’t just an inconvenience. It’s an existential threat to her brand. She asked the imitator to stop; they refused, and blocked her. So she screenshotted the person’s snapcode and asked her 114,000-person Twitter following to report the account for her.

The next day, her Twitter account was permanently deleted—right before she was supposed to teach a social media seminar. “I lost all my content and my entire business,” she says.

To Kush, the only possible explanation is that someone (likely the catfisher) reported her for a non-nude but suggestive photo in her header. “I was the most vanilla person. I never pushed the limits of what was allowed,” Kush said. “But it’s a big fat terms-of-service gray area.”

While some sex-work directory sites do still exist online, the 2014 federal takedown of popular web hub RedBook hastened a shift that was already in the offing: sex workers taking their marketing into their own hands via social media. “Sex workers have to be hyper, hyper social-media-literate,” says PJ Sage, a cam model and sex work researcher. “At least 50 percent of your time is spent promoting and marketing.” All of which means that a sex worker’s social-media account doesn’t look that different than the average millennial’s: posing open-armed on the Great Wall of China, sipping Bellinis on balconies, pouting in bikinis.

But as social media has become more popular than ever for sex work—which encompasses everything from paid nude photos to webcam modeling to high-end escort services—all of it is strictly against platforms’ rules regarding sexual content, which are loosely based on United States prostitution law. And, like Kush, workers’ accounts are often shut down without warning or explanation, even when their content never ventures into explicit territory. So they’re feeling more than a little betrayed by the platforms they feel they helped create.

THIS ISN’T A single-platform problem. Among aspiring porn performers, Snapchat is popular because off-label use of Snapcash allows them to charge clients for video clips. YouTube is where sex workers go to let their personalities shine, often in an attempt to transcend sexwork and become social media celebrities. According to Melissa Brown, a PhD candidate at the University of Maryland researching black women’s erotic labor, the grandmasters of this technique are stripper-turned-celebs like Blac Chyna and Cardi B (whose social media brand was her first “money move”).

And Twitter, with its, oh, let’s call it “inconsistent” approach to policy enforcement, is a bit of a Wild West. It’s easier to get away with nude photos, but the cost of doing business is often high—as Kush can attest. After her account was deleted, she made another; it was shadowbanned. When she made a third, it was once again replicated by catfishing copycats. “The moment you get suspended, that gets the attention of people that want to imitate you and be malicious about it,” Kush says. “Someone messaged me confessing he’d been talking to a fake account for three weeks.” It became so bad for business that Kush—like many sex workers nowadays—moved to Instagram.

If you’re an aspiring high-end escort like Estelle Lucas, Instagram is the only place to connect with the most coveted of clients: wealthy men of Silicon Valley and Wall Street. Lucas, who bills herself as “the premier escort in Melbourne,” has a few thousand followers and a quirky vibe. She frequently posts ribald memes alongside her lingerie shots—“Come for the boobs, stay for the cat videos,” says her bio—most with her face either turned away from the camera or blurred out.

“I'm actually surprised my account hasn't been taken down,” Lucas says. “Every now and then I log in and I have a notification that my account has breached Community Guidelines and a photo has been removed, but I have absolutely no idea which photo it is or what the breach was. Perhaps a slither of a nipple? Shield your eyes!”

'Every now and then I log in and I have a notification that my account has breached Community Guidelines and a photo has been removed, but I have absolutely no idea which photo it is or what the breach was.' -Estelle Lucas, escort

Not that Instagram is the promised land. According to Sage, the platform’s “pretty explicit antagonism” toward sex workers means that an account can be suspended at any time. “You have to treat your Instagram account like one of those burner phones,” he says. “A lot of people always have a few backup accounts with some content posted. On the other hand, you go where the audience is.”

The needle-threading at issue here is that marketing yourself necessitates not only posting photos of yourself to attract new clients and keep old ones engaged, but also cracking jokes, connecting with and amplifying other sex workers, and developing relationships with lingerie makers and photographers—all without explicitly acknowledging that you’re a sex worker, which (along with photos of genitalia) is almost sure to get you a suspension at the very least. Many workers use their profiles to link back to more explicit personal websites, but that’s a risky move as well, even if your business is legal in your home country. “I think they’re deleting us for who we are and not what we post,” Kush says.

• Safety in Social

But if social media platforms like Instagram are so hostile, why do sex workers like Lucas, Sage, and Kush do business there? Partly to find the largest audience, and partially because it beats the traditional method: meeting clients IRL. Sociologist Angela Jones has identified five “affordances” the internet gives sex workers—and chief among them is “reduced risk of bodily harm.” Sex workers often face extreme bodily risk, and the internet provides life-saving distance.

“When I'm on the internet, there's a lot of space and room to think and I don't feel pressured to make a decision before I'm ready,” Lucas says. It also allows her to keep clients in their place: “Sometimes my clients talk to me via social media but I keep it courteous and curt, otherwise I feel like it's free labour on my part.” (WIRED reached out to numerous people who had commented on sex workers’ Instagram accounts, but received either silence or denials in return.)

Still, social media comes with its own set of dangers—all of which force sex workers to become ever more tech-savvy. There are the obvious ones like doxxing and dealing with undercover law enforcement. But because sex workers aren’t exactly the users social media companies have in mind, unexpected tech updates can inadvertently put them at risk. Snapchat’s Snap Map outed the locations of many a sex worker, a far darker version of the drama it created for relationship infidelities or teenagers sneaking out at night.

And then there are other privacy concerns. Kush was forced to shut down her third Instagram model account because, despite having all privacy settings cranked up to the maximum, Facebook kept linking it to her personal Facebook account—which uses her real name and is what she calls “my last personal saving grace.” One day after she woke up, she fired up Instagram and saw that the app had suggested her own mother as someone to follow. “I disabled that account with one click,” she says. (After combing through security forums, Kush fixed the problem by deleting the Facebook app from her phone and only using it on browsers.)

• The Ever-Changing Rules

So what happens now? Prostitution, as the adage goes, is the oldest profession in the world. It’s certainly not going anywhere, and it’s unlikely to leave the internet unless people suddenly stop living their lives more online than off. Hunting down individual accounts makes little sense, especially since sex workers are such a savvy bunch: According to Sage, they gravitated to livestreamed content about five years before Instagram stories and Facebook Lives became the norm.

Their security measures and algorithm manipulations are equally sophisticated—and if you ask them, that’s because they helped build the platforms that are now so keen to jettison them. “They’re trying to change the rules. Twitter allows nudity, but I didn’t add a ‘sensitive content’ filter, they did,” Kush says. “Patreon is another one. They used sex workers to create their following and now we’re no longer to post pornographic content. Vine allowed nudity at first, but no longer after it became a really popular platform.”

From a startup’s perspective, the logic makes sense: Sex drives massive engagement numbers, but once a platform scales to a certain level, it seeks to rid itself of anything that can be considered unseemly. Social media companies are trying to transcend their reliance on sex work in the same way sex workers are trying to parlay their social-media followings into a more conventional form of celebrity.

Of course, none of this makes sex work any more legal in the United States—and besides, better measures would be needed to firewall explicit sexual content from the eyes of minors. But even with those possibilities, the internet’s inclusivity is unlikely to extend to sex workers, despite their numbers. “In a room full of 100, more than one person has done sex work,” Sage says. “But whether [platforms] care or not depends on how they decide to monetize.”

Facebook’s unlikely to be able to sell many high-profile ads against the image of an Australian escort. “Despite their ostensible libertarian ideas,” Sage says. “They’ll make a profit-based decision.” Which leaves sex workers in a permanent digital limbo: not quite acceptable enough to embrace, and too difficult and useful to wholly remove.

△封图来源：toutiao.findart.com.cn

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